RAM

RAM - random access memory

RAM (pronounced ram) is an acronym for random access memory, a type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly; that is, any byte of memory can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes. RAM is the most common type of memory found in computers and other devices, such as printers.

Main Types of RAM

There are two main types of RAM:

        ·   DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) - The term dynamic indicates that the                  memory must be constantly refreshed or it will lose its contents.

   

       ·      SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) - The term static is derived from the fact that it        doesn't need to be refreshed like dynamic RAM.

The two types of RAM differ in the technology they use to hold data, with DRAM being the more common type. In terms of speed, SRAM is faster. DRAM needs to be refreshed thousands of times per second while SRAM does not need to be refreshed, which is what makes it faster than DRAM.

DRAM supports access times of about 60 nanoseconds, SRAM can give access times as low as 10 nanoseconds. Despite SRAM being faster, it's not as commonly used as DRAM because it's more expensive. Both types of RAM are volatile, meaning that they lose their contents when the power is turned off.

RAM, Main Memory and ROM Explained

In common usage, the term RAM is synonymous with main memory, the memory available to programs. For example, a computer with 8MB RAM has approximately 8 million bytes of memory that programs can use. In contrast, ROM (read-only memory) refers to special memory used to store programs that boot the computer and perform diagnostics. Most personal computers have a small amount of ROM (a few thousand bytes). In fact, both types of memory (ROM and RAM) allow random access. To be precise, therefore, RAM should be referred to as read/write RAM and ROM as read-only RAM.

CPU

CPU - Central Processing Unit

CPU (pronounced as separate letters) is the abbreviation for central processing unit. Sometimes referred to simply as the central processor, but more commonly called processor, the CPU is the brains of the computer where most calculations take place. In terms of computing power, the CPU is the most important element of a computer system.

Components of a CPU

The two typical components of a CPU include the following:

         1.  The arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which performs arithmetic and logical operations.

·         2. The control unit (CU), which extracts instructions from memoryand decodes                           and executes them, calling on the ALU when necessary.

List Of Software Website

List of Software Website 


1.  dytoshare.us

2. filehippo.com

3. www.softpedia.com

4. www.snapfiles.com

5. apphit.com

6. www.freewarefiles.com


--Will Update Soon...

Please Comment if have any other Website Software, Thank You

Modern Computer

Source for webopedia

By Vangie Beal

Modern Computers Defined

Modern computers are electronic and digital. The actual machinery wires, transistors, and circuits is called hardware; the instructions and data are called software.

All general-purpose computers require the following hardware components:

·         Memory : enables a computer to store, at least temporarily, data and programs.

·         Mass storage device : allows a computer to permanently retain large amounts of data. Common mass storage devices include solid state drives (SSDs) or disk drives and tape drives.

·         Input device : usually a keyboard and mouse, the input device is the conduit through which data and instructions enter a computer

·         Output device : a display screen, printer, or other device that lets you see what the computer has accomplished.

·         Central processing unit (CPU) : the heart of the computer, this is the component that actually executes instructions.

In addition to these components, many others make it possible for the basic components to work together efficiently. For example, every computer requires a bus that transmits data from one part of the computer to another.

Computers are generally classified by size and power as follows, although there is considerable overlap. The differences between computer classifications generally get smaller as technology advances, creating smaller and more powerful and cost-friendly components.

       ·         Personal computer : a small, single-user computer based on a microprocessor. In                                                  addition to the microprocessor, a personal computer has a                                                      keyboard for entering data, a  monitor for displaying information,                                            and a storage device for saving data.

       ·         Workstation : a powerful, single-user computer. A workstation is like a personal                                           computer, but it has a more powerful microprocessor and a higher-quality                               monitor.

       ·         Minicomputer : a multi-user computer capable of supporting from 10 to hundreds of                                       users simultaneously.

       ·         Mainframe : a powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting many hundreds or                                thousands of users simultaneously.

       ·         Supercomputer : an extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millions of                                        instructions per second.